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"Chattahoochee" is an Indian word which means “river of painted rocks”, possibly referring to the many colorful rock outcroppings in and along the river. The source of the river is a tiny spring located several hundred yards below the Appalachian Trail in the southeast corner of Union County. The headwaters of the Chattahoochee River which drain into Lake Lanier above Atlanta comprise the smallest watershed, or drainage area, which provides a major portion of water supply for any metropolitan area in the country. The Chattahoochee River is the second southernmost trout habitat in the United States (other: Guadalupe River, Texas) and is also one of only two trout streams in North America that flow through a major urban area (other: Bow River, Canada). The Chattahoochee River Basin supplies more than 70 percent of metro Atlanta's water for drinking and other needs -- an annual average of about 450 million gallons per day. In 1957, the Corps of Engineers completed Buford Dam, 50 miles above Atlanta, and created Lake Lanier, the most visited federal lake in the U.S. Lake Lanier contains 38,000 acres and 700 miles of shoreline. In the mid-1970's, the Corps of Engineers built West Point Lake, which is 85 miles south of Atlanta and has 25,900 acres and 525 miles of shoreline. It eventually turns due south to form the southern half of the Georgia/Alabama state line. Flowing through Lake Harding and Lake Oliver, it falls by Columbus, the third-largest city in Georgia, and then the Fort Benning Army base. At Columbus, it crosses the Fall Line of the eastern United States. From Lake Oliver to Fort Benning, the Chattahoochee Riverwalk provides cycling, rollerblading, and walking along 15 miles (24 km) of the river's banks. Farther south, it merges with the Flint River and other tributaries at Lake Seminole near Bainbridge, to form the Apalachicola River that flows into the Florida Panhandle. Although the same river, this portion was given a different name by separated settlers in different regions during the colonial times The Chattahoochee River is one of the oldest and most stable river channels within the United States, since it's essentially "locked" in place, flowing along the Brevard Fault Zone, and cannot meander and change course over time like most rivers. |
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Lakes on the Chattahoochee River
(in order of flow)
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|---|---|---|---|
| Lake Name |
Full Pool (MSL) |
Acres | Map |
| 1,071.0 | 38,542 |
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| 635.0 | 25,864 |
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| 521.0 | 5,860 | ||
| 404.0 | 940 | ||
| 337.0 | |||
| 188.0 | 45,181 |
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| 105.0 | 1,540 | ||
| 77.5 | 37,500 |
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| Outflows of the Chattahoochee River |
| Apalachicola River |
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